Kerala Leads the Way in Biodiversity Conservation: Kerala has committed to preserving the rich biodiversity of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage site. With its vast ecosystems and endemic species, the Western Ghats are integral to Kerala’s natural heritage. The Kerala government has launched a series of targeted measures to protect this invaluable region, ensuring its survival amidst environmental and human pressures.
Key Initiatives for Biodiversity Protection:
- Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESAs):
- Scope of Protection: The Kerala government has proposed to designate 8,590.69 square kilometersacross 98 villages in 12 districts of Kerala as Ecologically Sensitive Areas. This initiative aims to regulate human activities in vital biodiversity zones to prevent deforestation, land degradation, and unsustainable practices.
- Impact: These measures will protect critical habitats and species, ensuring sustainable development in surrounding communities. The ESA designation will limit industrial activities and promote eco-friendly alternatives for the future.
- Source: Kerala Biodiversity
- Kerala State Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plan (SBSAP) 2022-2032:
- Conservation Blueprint: The SBSAP outlines the state’s approach for the next decade, focusing on habitat restoration, conservation of endemic species, and community-driven environmental practices.
- Western Ghats Emphasis: The Western Ghats are a core focus of the SBSAP, with detailed strategies to protect the flora and fauna unique to this region.
- Source: Kerala Biodiversity
Expanding Protected Areas:
- Wildlife Sanctuaries and Reserves:
- Safeguarding Ecosystems: Kerala has expanded its network of wildlife sanctuaries, covering 2,156.21 square kilometers, or 5.55% of the state’s total area. These sanctuaries provide refuge to endangered species, including elephants, tigers, and leopards.
- Protected Areas for Future Generations: The government’s strategy ensures that Kerala’s most vital ecological zones receive the protection they need to thrive and regenerate.
- Source: Kerala Forest Department
Biodiversity and Ecological Significance:
- Endemic Species at Risk:
- The Western Ghats are home to 41% of India’s freshwater fish species and 78% of amphibians, making it one of the world’s most biodiverse regions. These unique species are under threat from deforestation, climate change, and human encroachment.
- Source: Kerala Biodiversity
Looking to the Future: Kerala’s commitment to the preservation of the Western Ghats’ biodiversity sets an example for sustainable conservation practices. With dedicated efforts in expanding protected areas, creating Ecologically Sensitive Zones, and promoting local participation, Kerala is ensuring the safeguarding of one of India’s most crucial ecological treasures.
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